All strains of Ebola are Biosafety Level 4 (BSL-4) pathogens, Level 4 being the highest virulence designation for infectious agents. To convey an idea of just how dangerous BSL-4 pathogens are: When a laboratory facility is built with the intention of housing BSL-4 pathogens, the entire structure must be designed to unbelievably exacting specifications. Generally, this winds up costing thousands of dollars more per square foot than for BSL-2 or BSL-3 agents, or for a laboratory that is not designed for infectious disease research...
...The key to the effectiveness of BSL-4 personal protective equipment (PPE) comes down to two things: One is the impenetrability of the material of which the suit is constructed. They’re very tough, heavy flexible polymers that one would have to work very hard to puncture or cut. Two is the High-efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filter; forced-air, powered units which provide filtered air to the individual in the suit. There is no chance for the intrusion of ambient air. A decent HEPA filter in good repair will filter out viruses. Many BSL-4 suits used in laboratory applications actually have hoses that provide dedicated airflow from outside the work area, forcing the worker to remain tethered to their air supply.
Yet, most of the photographs available (and there are plenty) of doctors, aid workers, and now American military personnel working with Ebola and Ebola patients in West Africa do not show them wearing BSL-4 PPEs.
Occasionally, one finds a worker with some BSL-4 equipment, usually a filtered air unit worn on the back, and a sealed hood – but this appears to be the exception, not the rule.
The vast majority of these workers are demonstrably ill-protected; one can see this for themselves – if one knows what to look for. Obviously, most people don’t.
Most of the personnel in these photos are wearing Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) personal protective equipment. This is a markedly less effective barrier than BSL-4 protection – which makes sense, since the industry employs such designations in the first place.